What is procedure of designing compiler how it work?

Your question is much too general to get very informative answers. However, you will need to consider the language you want to compile, and the processor into whose assembly or machine language you want it to compile the higher-level language into. You will need a very good knowledge of both. There is a book "Principles of Compiler Design," ISBN 0-201-00022-9. The fact that it has 614 pages should tell you how complex the subject is—and it's called "Principles of...," meaning there's a lot that the book does not cover! There's also the book, "Compilers: Principles, Techniques, and Tools," ISBN-10: 9332518661, which is 966 pages.

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There's a good discussion on this thread:
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=14487961
The head post is negative about the dragon book, but the subsequent discussion is balanced and informative. One comment:


There's a really good series of free books on aspects of modern software which includes a chapter or two about specific compilers - see http://aosabook.org/en/index.html
(You can pay for them too, if you like.)

If you are after something short and easily digestible, then PCW Magazine had a very good article on the basics of compilers and parsers way back in 1988. The article was accompanied by a listing for a simple 'C--' compiler written in Modula 2.

I did a straight 'C' translation of the M2 source around that time and more recently uploaded it to https://github.com/revaldinho/c--. I've put a copy of the original article there too:

https://github.com/revaldinho/c--/blob/master/CodeCompilationPCWSept1988.pdf


R.